Organum aristotle biography
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Aristotle (384 B.C. - 322 B.C.)
Aristotle was born in 384 B.C.E. in Stagirus, Macedonia, Greece, the son of Nicomachus, a medical doctor, and Phaestis. Little is known about Aristotle's early years, though he was almost certainly meant to become a doctor like his father, who died when Aristotle was ten years old. As his mother had died some years earlier, Aristotle was brought up by Proxenus of Atarneus, possibly a family friend or uncle. Proxenus taught Aristotle poetry, Greek, and public speaking; Aristotle had already learned science as a part of his early medical training by his father. At seventeen, Proxenus sent Aristotle to Athens to continue his education under Plato.
Aristotle differed from Plato in some of his views and beliefs. While Aristotle agreed with Plato that the cosmos is designed in a rational way, Aristotle thought that the universal could be found in particular things, while Plato believed the universal exists apart from particular things. Plato fo
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Organon
Standard collection of Aristotle's six works on logic
This article is about Aristotle's works on logic. For a discussion of Aristotelian logic as a system, see Term logic. For other uses, see Organon (disambiguation).
The Organon (Ancient Greek: Ὄργανον, meaning "instrument, tool, organ") is the standard collection of Aristotle's six works on logical analysis and dialectic. The name Organon was given by Aristotle's followers, the Peripatetics, who maintained against the Stoics that Logic was "an instrument" of Philosophy.[1]
Aristotle never uses the title Organon to refer to his logical works. The book, according to M. Barthélemy St. Hilaire, was not called "Organon" before the 15th century, and the treatises were collected into one volume, as is supposed, about the time of Andronicus of Rhodes; and it was translated into Latin by Boethius about the 6th century.[1]
The six works of Organon are as follows:
Constitution of the texts
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Aristotle’s Logic
1. Introduction
Aristotle’s logisk works contain the earliest formal study of logic that we have. It is therefore all the more remarkable that tillsammans they comprise a highly developed logisk theory, one that was able to command immense respect for many centuries: Kant, who was ten times more distant from Aristotle than we are from him, even held that ingenting significant had been added to Aristotle’s views in the intervening two millennia.
In the last century, Aristotle’s reputation as a logician has undergone two remarkable reversals. The rise of modern formal logic following the work of Frege and Russell brought with it a recognition of the many serious limitations of Aristotle’s logic; today, very few would try to maintain that it fryst vatten adequate as a grund for understanding science, mathematics, or even everyday reasoning. At the same time, scholars trained in modern formal techniques have komma to view Aristotle with new respect